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ortools-clone/ortools/sat/python/linear_expr.h

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// Copyright 2010-2024 Google LLC
// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
// You may obtain a copy of the License at
//
// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
// limitations under the License.
#ifndef OR_TOOLS_SAT_PYTHON_LINEAR_EXPR_H_
#define OR_TOOLS_SAT_PYTHON_LINEAR_EXPR_H_
#include <cstdint>
#include <string>
#include <utility>
#include <vector>
#include "absl/container/btree_map.h"
#include "absl/container/fixed_array.h"
#include "absl/log/check.h"
#include "absl/strings/str_cat.h"
#include "absl/strings/str_join.h"
#include "ortools/sat/cp_model.pb.h"
#include "ortools/util/sorted_interval_list.h"
namespace operations_research {
namespace sat {
namespace python {
class BoundedLinearExpression;
class CanonicalFloatExpression;
class FloatExprVisitor;
class FloatLinearExpr;
class IntExprVisitor;
class IntLinExpr;
class BaseIntVar;
class NotBooleanVariable;
// A class to hold an floating point linear expression or a double constant.
struct FloatExprOrValue {
explicit FloatExprOrValue(FloatLinearExpr* e) : expr(e) {}
explicit FloatExprOrValue(double v) : value(v) {}
FloatLinearExpr* expr = nullptr;
double value = 0;
};
// A linear expression that can be either integer or floating point.
class FloatLinearExpr {
public:
virtual ~FloatLinearExpr() = default;
virtual void VisitAsFloat(FloatExprVisitor* /*lin*/, double /*c*/) {}
virtual bool is_integer() const { return false; }
virtual std::string ToString() const { return "FloatLinearExpr"; }
virtual std::string DebugString() const { return ToString(); }
static FloatLinearExpr* Sum(const std::vector<FloatExprOrValue>& exprs);
static FloatLinearExpr* Sum(const std::vector<FloatExprOrValue>& exprs,
double cst);
static FloatLinearExpr* WeightedSum(
const std::vector<FloatExprOrValue>& exprs,
const std::vector<double>& coeffs);
static FloatLinearExpr* WeightedSum(
const std::vector<FloatExprOrValue>& exprs,
const std::vector<double>& coeffs, double cst);
static FloatLinearExpr* Term(FloatLinearExpr* expr, double coeff);
static FloatLinearExpr* Affine(FloatLinearExpr* expr, double coeff,
double offset);
static FloatLinearExpr* Constant(double value);
FloatLinearExpr* FloatAddCst(double cst);
FloatLinearExpr* FloatAdd(FloatLinearExpr* other);
FloatLinearExpr* FloatSubCst(double cst);
FloatLinearExpr* FloatSub(FloatLinearExpr* other);
FloatLinearExpr* FloatRSub(FloatLinearExpr* other);
FloatLinearExpr* FloatRSubCst(double cst);
FloatLinearExpr* FloatMulCst(double cst);
FloatLinearExpr* FloatNeg();
};
// Compare the indices of variables.
struct BaseIntVarComparator {
bool operator()(const BaseIntVar* lhs, const BaseIntVar* rhs) const;
};
// A visitor class to process a floating point linear expression.
class FloatExprVisitor {
public:
void AddToProcess(FloatLinearExpr* expr, double coeff);
void AddConstant(double constant);
void AddVarCoeff(BaseIntVar* var, double coeff);
double Process(FloatLinearExpr* expr, std::vector<BaseIntVar*>* vars,
std::vector<double>* coeffs);
private:
std::vector<std::pair<FloatLinearExpr*, double>> to_process_;
absl::btree_map<BaseIntVar*, double, BaseIntVarComparator> canonical_terms_;
double offset_ = 0;
};
// A class to build a canonical floating point linear expression.
class CanonicalFloatExpression {
public:
explicit CanonicalFloatExpression(FloatLinearExpr* expr);
const std::vector<BaseIntVar*>& vars() const { return vars_; }
const std::vector<double>& coeffs() const { return coeffs_; }
double offset() const { return offset_; }
private:
double offset_;
std::vector<BaseIntVar*> vars_;
std::vector<double> coeffs_;
};
// A class to hold a constant.
class FloatConstant : public FloatLinearExpr {
public:
explicit FloatConstant(double value) : value_(value) {}
~FloatConstant() override = default;
void VisitAsFloat(FloatExprVisitor* lin, double c) override;
std::string ToString() const override;
std::string DebugString() const override;
private:
double value_;
};
// A class to hold a weighted sum of floating point linear expressions.
class FloatWeightedSum : public FloatLinearExpr {
public:
FloatWeightedSum(const std::vector<FloatLinearExpr*>& exprs, double offset);
FloatWeightedSum(const std::vector<FloatLinearExpr*>& exprs,
const std::vector<double>& coeffs, double offset);
~FloatWeightedSum() override = default;
void VisitAsFloat(FloatExprVisitor* lin, double c) override;
std::string ToString() const override;
private:
const absl::FixedArray<FloatLinearExpr*, 2> exprs_;
const absl::FixedArray<double, 2> coeffs_;
double offset_;
};
// A class to hold float_exr * a = b.
class FloatAffine : public FloatLinearExpr {
public:
FloatAffine(FloatLinearExpr* expr, double coeff, double offset);
~FloatAffine() override = default;
void VisitAsFloat(FloatExprVisitor* lin, double c) override;
std::string ToString() const override;
std::string DebugString() const override;
FloatLinearExpr* expression() const { return expr_; }
double coefficient() const { return coeff_; }
double offset() const { return offset_; }
private:
FloatLinearExpr* expr_;
double coeff_;
double offset_;
};
// A struct to hold an integer linear expression or an integer constant.
struct IntExprOrValue {
explicit IntExprOrValue(IntLinExpr* e) : expr(e) {}
explicit IntExprOrValue(int64_t v) : value(v) {}
IntLinExpr* expr = nullptr;
int64_t value = 0;
};
class IntLinExpr : public FloatLinearExpr {
public:
~IntLinExpr() override = default;
virtual void VisitAsInt(IntExprVisitor* /*lin*/, int64_t /*c*/) {}
bool is_integer() const override { return true; }
std::string ToString() const override { return "IntLinExpr"; }
static IntLinExpr* Sum(const std::vector<IntLinExpr*>& exprs);
static IntLinExpr* Sum(const std::vector<IntLinExpr*>& exprs, int64_t cst);
static IntLinExpr* Sum(const std::vector<IntExprOrValue>& exprs, int64_t cst);
static IntLinExpr* Sum(const std::vector<IntExprOrValue>& exprs);
static IntLinExpr* WeightedSum(const std::vector<IntExprOrValue>& exprs,
const std::vector<int64_t>& coeffs);
static IntLinExpr* WeightedSum(const std::vector<IntExprOrValue>& exprs,
const std::vector<int64_t>& coeffs,
int64_t cst);
static IntLinExpr* Term(IntLinExpr* expr, int64_t coeff);
static IntLinExpr* Affine(IntLinExpr* expr, int64_t coeff, int64_t offset);
static IntLinExpr* Constant(int64_t value);
IntLinExpr* IntAddCst(int64_t cst);
IntLinExpr* IntAdd(IntLinExpr* other);
IntLinExpr* IntSubCst(int64_t cst);
IntLinExpr* IntSub(IntLinExpr* other);
IntLinExpr* IntRSubCst(int64_t cst);
IntLinExpr* IntMulCst(int64_t cst);
IntLinExpr* IntNeg();
BoundedLinearExpression* EqCst(int64_t cst);
BoundedLinearExpression* NeCst(int64_t cst);
BoundedLinearExpression* GeCst(int64_t cst);
BoundedLinearExpression* LeCst(int64_t cst);
BoundedLinearExpression* LtCst(int64_t cst);
BoundedLinearExpression* GtCst(int64_t cst);
BoundedLinearExpression* Eq(IntLinExpr* other);
BoundedLinearExpression* Ne(IntLinExpr* other);
BoundedLinearExpression* Ge(IntLinExpr* other);
BoundedLinearExpression* Le(IntLinExpr* other);
BoundedLinearExpression* Lt(IntLinExpr* other);
BoundedLinearExpression* Gt(IntLinExpr* other);
};
// A visitor class to process an integer linear expression.
class IntExprVisitor {
public:
void AddToProcess(IntLinExpr* expr, int64_t coeff);
void AddConstant(int64_t constant);
void AddVarCoeff(BaseIntVar* var, int64_t coeff);
void ProcessAll();
int64_t Process(std::vector<BaseIntVar*>* vars, std::vector<int64_t>* coeffs);
int64_t Evaluate(IntLinExpr* expr, const CpSolverResponse& solution);
private:
std::vector<std::pair<IntLinExpr*, int64_t>> to_process_;
absl::btree_map<BaseIntVar*, int64_t, BaseIntVarComparator> canonical_terms_;
int64_t offset_ = 0;
};
// A class to hold a linear expression with bounds.
class BoundedLinearExpression {
public:
BoundedLinearExpression(IntLinExpr* expr, const Domain& bounds);
BoundedLinearExpression(IntLinExpr* pos, IntLinExpr* neg,
const Domain& bounds);
BoundedLinearExpression(int64_t offset, const Domain& bounds);
~BoundedLinearExpression() = default;
const Domain& bounds() const;
const std::vector<BaseIntVar*>& vars() const;
const std::vector<int64_t>& coeffs() const;
int64_t offset() const;
std::string ToString() const;
std::string DebugString() const;
bool CastToBool(bool* result) const;
private:
Domain bounds_;
int64_t offset_;
std::vector<BaseIntVar*> vars_;
std::vector<int64_t> coeffs_;
};
// A class to hold a constant.
class IntConstant : public IntLinExpr {
public:
explicit IntConstant(int64_t value) : value_(value) {}
~IntConstant() override = default;
void VisitAsInt(IntExprVisitor* lin, int64_t c) override {
lin->AddConstant(value_ * c);
}
void VisitAsFloat(FloatExprVisitor* lin, double c) override {
lin->AddConstant(value_ * c);
}
std::string ToString() const override { return absl::StrCat(value_); }
std::string DebugString() const override {
return absl::StrCat("IntConstant(", value_, ")");
}
private:
int64_t value_;
};
// A class to hold a sum of integer linear expressions.
class IntSum : public IntLinExpr {
public:
IntSum(const std::vector<IntLinExpr*>& exprs, int64_t offset)
: exprs_(exprs.begin(), exprs.end()), offset_(offset) {}
~IntSum() override = default;
void VisitAsInt(IntExprVisitor* lin, int64_t c) override {
for (int i = 0; i < exprs_.size(); ++i) {
lin->AddToProcess(exprs_[i], c);
}
lin->AddConstant(offset_ * c);
}
void VisitAsFloat(FloatExprVisitor* lin, double c) override {
for (int i = 0; i < exprs_.size(); ++i) {
lin->AddToProcess(exprs_[i], c);
}
lin->AddConstant(offset_ * c);
}
std::string ToString() const override {
if (exprs_.empty()) {
return absl::StrCat(offset_);
}
std::string s = "(";
for (int i = 0; i < exprs_.size(); ++i) {
if (i > 0) {
absl::StrAppend(&s, " + ");
}
absl::StrAppend(&s, exprs_[i]->ToString());
}
if (offset_ != 0) {
if (offset_ > 0) {
absl::StrAppend(&s, " + ", offset_);
} else {
absl::StrAppend(&s, " - ", -offset_);
}
}
absl::StrAppend(&s, ")");
return s;
}
std::string DebugString() const override {
return absl::StrCat("IntSum(",
absl::StrJoin(exprs_, ", ",
[](std::string* out, IntLinExpr* expr) {
absl::StrAppend(out,
expr->DebugString());
}),
", ", offset_, ")");
}
private:
const absl::FixedArray<IntLinExpr*, 2> exprs_;
int64_t offset_;
};
// A class to hold a weighted sum of integer linear expressions.
class IntWeightedSum : public IntLinExpr {
public:
IntWeightedSum(const std::vector<IntLinExpr*>& exprs,
const std::vector<int64_t>& coeffs, int64_t offset)
: exprs_(exprs.begin(), exprs.end()),
coeffs_(coeffs.begin(), coeffs.end()),
offset_(offset) {}
~IntWeightedSum() override = default;
void VisitAsInt(IntExprVisitor* lin, int64_t c) override {
for (int i = 0; i < exprs_.size(); ++i) {
lin->AddToProcess(exprs_[i], coeffs_[i] * c);
}
lin->AddConstant(offset_ * c);
}
void VisitAsFloat(FloatExprVisitor* lin, double c) override {
for (int i = 0; i < exprs_.size(); ++i) {
lin->AddToProcess(exprs_[i], coeffs_[i] * c);
}
lin->AddConstant(offset_ * c);
}
std::string ToString() const override {
if (exprs_.empty()) {
return absl::StrCat(offset_);
}
std::string s = "(";
bool first_printed = true;
for (int i = 0; i < exprs_.size(); ++i) {
if (coeffs_[i] == 0) continue;
if (first_printed) {
first_printed = false;
if (coeffs_[i] == 1) {
absl::StrAppend(&s, exprs_[i]->ToString());
} else if (coeffs_[i] == -1) {
absl::StrAppend(&s, "-", exprs_[i]->ToString());
} else {
absl::StrAppend(&s, coeffs_[i], " * ", exprs_[i]->ToString());
}
} else {
if (coeffs_[i] == 1) {
absl::StrAppend(&s, " + ", exprs_[i]->ToString());
} else if (coeffs_[i] == -1) {
absl::StrAppend(&s, " - ", exprs_[i]->ToString());
} else if (coeffs_[i] > 1) {
absl::StrAppend(&s, " + ", coeffs_[i], " * ", exprs_[i]->ToString());
} else {
absl::StrAppend(&s, " - ", -coeffs_[i], " * ", exprs_[i]->ToString());
}
}
}
// If there are no terms, just print the offset.
if (first_printed) {
return absl::StrCat(offset_);
}
// If there is an offset, print it.
if (offset_ != 0) {
if (offset_ > 0) {
absl::StrAppend(&s, " + ", offset_);
} else {
absl::StrAppend(&s, " - ", -offset_);
}
}
absl::StrAppend(&s, ")");
return s;
}
std::string DebugString() const override {
return absl::StrCat(
"IntWeightedSum([",
absl::StrJoin(exprs_, ", ",
[](std::string* out, IntLinExpr* expr) {
absl::StrAppend(out, expr->DebugString());
}),
"], [", absl::StrJoin(coeffs_, ", "), "], ", offset_, ")");
}
private:
const absl::FixedArray<IntLinExpr*, 2> exprs_;
const absl::FixedArray<int64_t, 2> coeffs_;
int64_t offset_;
};
// A class to hold int_exr * a = b.
class IntAffine : public IntLinExpr {
public:
IntAffine(IntLinExpr* expr, int64_t coeff, int64_t offset)
: expr_(expr), coeff_(coeff), offset_(offset) {}
~IntAffine() override = default;
void VisitAsInt(IntExprVisitor* lin, int64_t c) override {
lin->AddToProcess(expr_, c * coeff_);
lin->AddConstant(offset_ * c);
}
void VisitAsFloat(FloatExprVisitor* lin, double c) override {
lin->AddToProcess(expr_, c * coeff_);
lin->AddConstant(offset_ * c);
}
std::string ToString() const override {
std::string s = "(";
if (coeff_ == 1) {
absl::StrAppend(&s, expr_->ToString());
} else if (coeff_ == -1) {
absl::StrAppend(&s, "-", expr_->ToString());
} else {
absl::StrAppend(&s, coeff_, " * ", expr_->ToString());
}
if (offset_ > 0) {
absl::StrAppend(&s, " + ", offset_);
} else if (offset_ < 0) {
absl::StrAppend(&s, " - ", -offset_);
}
absl::StrAppend(&s, ")");
return s;
}
std::string DebugString() const override {
return absl::StrCat("IntAffine(expr=", expr_->DebugString(),
", coeff=", coeff_, ", offset=", offset_, ")");
}
IntLinExpr* expression() const { return expr_; }
int64_t coefficient() const { return coeff_; }
int64_t offset() const { return offset_; }
private:
IntLinExpr* expr_;
int64_t coeff_;
int64_t offset_;
};
// A Boolean literal (a Boolean variable or its negation).
class Literal {
public:
virtual ~Literal() = default;
virtual int index() const = 0;
virtual Literal* negated() = 0;
};
// A class to hold a variable index.
class BaseIntVar : public IntLinExpr, public Literal {
public:
explicit BaseIntVar(int index)
: index_(index), is_boolean_(false), negated_(nullptr) {
DCHECK_GE(index, 0);
}
BaseIntVar(int index, bool is_boolean)
: index_(index), is_boolean_(is_boolean), negated_(nullptr) {
DCHECK_GE(index, 0);
}
~BaseIntVar() override = default;
int index() const override { return index_; }
void VisitAsInt(IntExprVisitor* lin, int64_t c) override {
lin->AddVarCoeff(this, c);
}
void VisitAsFloat(FloatExprVisitor* lin, double c) override {
lin->AddVarCoeff(this, c);
}
std::string ToString() const override {
if (is_boolean_) {
return absl::StrCat("BooleanBaseIntVar(", index_, ")");
} else {
return absl::StrCat("BaseIntVar(", index_, ")");
}
}
std::string DebugString() const override {
return absl::StrCat("BaseIntVar(index=", index_,
", is_boolean=", is_boolean_, ")");
}
Literal* negated() override;
bool is_boolean() const { return is_boolean_; }
bool operator<(const BaseIntVar& other) const {
return index_ < other.index_;
}
protected:
const int index_;
bool is_boolean_;
Literal* negated_;
};
// A class to hold a negated variable index.
class NotBooleanVariable : public IntLinExpr, public Literal {
public:
explicit NotBooleanVariable(BaseIntVar* var) : var_(var) {}
~NotBooleanVariable() override = default;
int index() const override { return -var_->index() - 1; }
void VisitAsInt(IntExprVisitor* lin, int64_t c) override {
lin->AddVarCoeff(var_, -c);
lin->AddConstant(c);
}
void VisitAsFloat(FloatExprVisitor* lin, double c) override {
lin->AddVarCoeff(var_, -c);
lin->AddConstant(c);
}
std::string ToString() const override {
return absl::StrCat("not(", var_->ToString(), ")");
}
Literal* negated() override { return var_; }
std::string DebugString() const override {
return absl::StrCat("NotBooleanVariable(index=", var_->index(), ")");
}
private:
BaseIntVar* var_;
};
inline Literal* BaseIntVar::negated() {
if (negated_ == nullptr) {
negated_ = new NotBooleanVariable(this);
}
return negated_;
}
} // namespace python
} // namespace sat
} // namespace operations_research
#endif // OR_TOOLS_SAT_PYTHON_LINEAR_EXPR_H_